A graduate of SciencesPo Paris, the Sorbonne and the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, Julien Brault holds a doctorate in international economic relations. He is currently an economist in the Research Department of the European Investment Fund, part of the European Investment Bank Group. He has also worked at the European Central Bank. His work focuses on investment fund returns, the impact of credit guarantees, private debt sustainability, economic and financial history, development policies, trade protectionism and capital controls.